地沟油地下经济对公众健康、生态环境和相关产业造成了严重而广泛的损害。本文拓展了损害、人身损害及产业损害分析的理论架构,主要从供应链的视角全面考察地沟油违法犯罪及其共生黑色活动在广义涉农供应链体系内的损害。研究表明:地沟油地下经济主要依靠低价抢占市场、输入有毒食品、假冒品牌等方式侵害食用油供应链,主要依靠抬升原料价格、暴力独占等方式侵害生物质能供应链;此外,对养殖、饲料等其他产业亦有损害。基于历史和逻辑的方法考察,地沟油损害呈现出萌芽与孕育期、积累与加速发展期、严管与控制期等三个特征相异的历史时期。进一步将“疏堵”结合治理餐厨垃圾(地沟油)效果的三大可能状态(疏堵低效的恶化状态、疏堵失衡的部分有效状态、疏堵有效的理想状态)置于统一的框架下剖析,可以发现,地沟油地下经济损害的扩散和转移呈现出复杂的特征——不仅损害方式、损害对象、犯罪策略发生变化,而且损害还会发生变性和后果外溢。

Underground economy of illegal cooking oil has caused serious and widespread harm to public health, ecological environment and related industries. This paper extends the damage, personal injury, and the theoretical framework of industry harm analysis, mainly from the angle of supply chain, the activity of illegal cooking oil and its symbiotic black comprehensive damage in the generalized system of agricultural supply chain. Research shows that the illegal cooking oil underground economy relies mainly on the low price to grab market, input toxic food, counterfeit brand edible oil supply chain, rely mainly on lifting raw material prices, violence, exclusive way infringe on biomass such as supply chain, in addition to breeding, feed and other industries also have damage. Based on the historical and logical methods, the damage of illegal cooking oil shows the historical period of germination and gestation period, accumulation and accelerated development period, strict management and control period, etc. Further, combine “evacuation and blockage”governance of kitchen waste (cooking oil) the effect of the three possible states (evacuation and blockage deterioration of inefficient state, evacuation and blockage unbalanced state of partially effective, effective ideal of Evacuation and blockage ) placed in a unified framework of analysis, can be found that illegal cooking oil diffusion and transfer of the underground economy damage shows the characteristics of complex, not only harm the way change, harm the object, criminal policy, and harm will occur degeneration and spillover.