在“双碳”目标下，新型基础设施建设对于协调经济增长与环境可持续发展具有重要作用。文章基于2005—2021年我国30个省级样本数据，构建双向固定效应模型深入探究新型基础设施建设对碳排放的影响，并分析了绿色金融在此过程中的调节效应。研究结果表明：新型基础设施建设与碳排放之间存在显著的倒“U”形关系，绿色金融能够负向调节二者之间的关系；新型基础设施建设在东部和中部地区能够显著抑制碳排放，在西部地区的减排效应不显著；在东部地区，绿色金融能够显著负向调节新型基础设施建设与碳排放之间的倒“U”形关系，该效应在中部和西部地区不显著。基于此，今后应充分发挥新型基础设施建设的规模效应和绿色金融对其的赋能作用，为我国低碳转型和可持续发展注入强大活力。

In the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the construction of new infrastructure plays an important role in coordinating economic growth and environmental sustainability. Based on the data of 30 provincial samples in China from 2005 to 2021, this paper constructs a two-way fixed effect model to deeply explore the impact of new infrastructure construction on carbon emissions and analyzes the moderating effect of green finance in this process. The study shows that there is a significant inverted “U”-shaped relationship between new infrastructure construction and carbon emissions, and green finance can negatively moderate this relationship; new infrastructure construction can significantly reduce carbon emissions in the eastern and central regions, but its emission reduction effect is not significant in the western region; in the eastern region, green finance can significantly negatively moderate the inverted “U”-shaped relationship between new infrastructure construction and carbon emissions, while this effect is not significant in the central and western regions. Based on this, fully leveraging the scale effect of new infrastructure construction and the empowering effect of green finance on it will inject strong vitality into China’s low-carbon transformation and sustainable development.