本文从基本医疗卫生、基本文化教育、基础设施建设、基本社会保障、生态环境保护5个方面构建了城乡基本公共服务均等化水平评价指标体系,采用熵权TOPSIS法、障碍度模型、综合协调度模型等计量方法,对2005年—2016年新疆城乡基本公共服务均等化水平进行综合评价。结果表明:新疆城市和农村基本公共服务均等化水平逐年提升,而且农村基本公共服务均等化水平的提升速度相较于城市偏慢;基本文化教育是制约城市和乡村基本公共服务均等化水平提升的主要障碍因素;新疆城乡基本公共服务的协调发展指数呈逐年上升的态势,但在基本文化教育的协调发展上仍存在着一定程度的迟滞。最后,根据以上结果提出了加大对农村的财政转移支付力度、建立合理的公共财政体制、构建以政府为主体的基本文化教育供给模式等对策建议。
This paper constructs an urban and rural evaluation index system of the equalization level of basic public services from five aspects: basic health care services, basic culture and education, basic infrastructure construction, basic social security and ecological environment protection. By means of entropy weight TOPSIS method, obstacle degree model and comprehensive coordination degree model, the article evaluated the equalization level of urban and rural public services in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2016 comprehensively.The paper has several findings. Firstly, the level of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas of Xinjiang has been increasing year by year, in addition, the equalization of basic public services in rural areas has been promoted more slowly than that in urban areas. Secondly, at present, urban basic public services are mainly restricted by basic health care services and basic cultural education, while basic culture and education is the main obstacle to the development of basic public services in rural areas. Thirdly, the coordinated development index of basic public services in urban and rural areas in Xinjiang is also rising year by year. However, there is still a certain degree of lag in the coordinated development of basic culture and education. Finally, according to the above results, put forward some corresponding policy recommendations.
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