欧亚区域的运输便利化是“丝绸之路经济带”建设的重要基础。本文分析和比较了联合国中亚经济体特别方案、欧洲—高加索—亚洲运输走廊、欧亚经济联盟、上海合作组织和中亚区域经济合作计划框架下运输便利化合作的机制、进展和效果。研究认为,欧亚区域运输便利化机制既存在重叠性也存在差异性,未来应重视各合作机制间的协同问题;中亚区域经济合作在促进区域运输便利化方面成效显著,未来仍将主导中亚区域运输走廊的建设。因此,建议以上海合作组织为平台,促进“丝绸之路经济带”与中亚区域经济合作和欧亚经济联盟在该领域的对接;充分利用国际组织与机构的技术力量和资金力量,推动欧亚区域通关便利化和标准一致化建设。

The development of Eurasian transport and trade facilitation has important practical significance for the construction of the “Silk Road Economic Belt”. This paper makes an analysis and comparison of the transport and trade facilitation cooperation mechanisms under SPECA, TRACECA, the Euro-Asia Economic Union and CAREC and Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The studies suggest that the above mentioned cooperation mechanism have obvious differences and overlapping factors, and it is of necessity to pay attention to synergies between the various cooperation mechanisms. CAREC achieved remarkable results among them and will continue to dominate the construction of Eurasia regional transport corridor. As a result, the paper proposes to strengthen cooperation between “Silk Road Economic Belt” and CAREC in the areas of transport facilitation and trade facilitation. It is also recommended to take advantage of technical and financial support of international organizations and institutions to improve the construction of Eurasian consistent standards.