In the report at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is stressed that we need to mobilize the whole party and the whole country to achieve the goal of targeted poverty alleviation and targeted poverty alleviation.To investigate the factors affecting the income of rural residents,the association between income and consumption of rural residents in southern Xinjiang,and its variation is one of the important basic works for reducing poverty precisely during the thirteenth plan of five-year national planning.In this paper we selected Shache,Zepu and Yingjisha,three counties in Kashgar Region,as research areas,and randomly selected 300 rural households sample to carry out household survey.After collecting the data,we analyzed the influence factors and the structure and relationship of rural residents’ income and consumption with ordered multi-classification logistic regression model and gray correlation analysis.In the southern Xinjiang,rural household income was mainly affected by the number of family labors and the level of education,and was mainly composed of operating and transfer income.The wage income was relatively low.Household expenditure of rural residents mainly went to food,shelter,clothing,and other survival consumption.By contrast,there was a considerable? gap between Xinjiang and eastern provinces,in aspect of health care,transportation and other enjoyment consumption level.To attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020,we must continue to improve the educational level and labor skills of rural residents in ethnic minority areas,greatly improve the rural residents’ income level and optimize the structure of consumption expenditure in minority concentrated region.