The period during China's 13th Five-Year Plan is an important stage of its economic development, which aims at innovation-driven transformation. The study of the relationship between urban innovation and economic growth is of great significance for the local government to formulate policies to promote coordinated regional economic development.Based on the existing research results and innovation features of Urumqi, this paper builds innovation capacity index system of the city from such three aspects as innovation input, innovation output and peripheral environment of innovation. And then analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is employed to measure the innovation capacity in Urumqi and found that it gradually increases in Urumqi, among which, its role in boosting innovation and investment is most obvious, then, comes the innovation output, and external environment innovation is relatively weak. Then the regression analysis of the secondary indicates and economic growth is carried out. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between city innovation output and economic growth, innovation peripheral environment and economic growth, city innovation input and economic growth, among which, the influence of city innovation input is greatest. To this end, the paper puts forward such recommendations as increasing innovation investment, introducing and training high-level personnel, constructing urban innovation network, city innovation input, encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations, and so on.