As the core content of the "Belt and Road" initiative, the construction of facility and trade connectivity is particularly important. Road connectivity is the foundation of facility connectivity. By using factor analysis, this paper establishes an evaluation index system to measure the level of road connectivity of countries along the "Silk Road Economic Belt". On this basis, taking India, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, and Pakistan as examples, this paper analyzes the level of road connectivity based on the VAR model. The influence of bilateral trade shows that the level of road connectivity in India, Kazakhstan and Pakistan has a greater positive effect on bilateral trade, while the level of road connectivity in the Russian Federation does not show a positive external effect. With the accelerated advancement of the "Belt and Road" initiative, the level of road connectivity in countries along the "Silk Road Economic Belt" can be improved by strengthening transportation infrastructure technology cooperation and talents cooperation, and promoting the intelligent development of transportation infrastructure. And then expanding the scale of bilateral trade.