The paper is based on the pilot project of "Golden Tax Phase III", and based on the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2021, uses a double difference model to empirically test the policy effect of digital tax collection and management on company earnings forecast violations. The study has found that digital tax collection and management can significantly suppress violations of company earnings forecast; the governance effect and information effect play a mediating role in the impact of digital tax collection and management on company earnings forecast violations; the inhibitory effect of digital tax collection and management on company earnings forecast violations is more significant in enterprises with strong external regulatory efforts, low pressure on regional fiscal revenue growth, and low internal governance levels. In the future, the deep integration of big data technology and tax collection and management system should be further deepened, and the internal and external governance mechanisms of listed companies and the capital market information disclosure system should be improved.