Digital trade, with its multiple significant advantages such as breaking through geographical limitations and reducing transaction costs, is becoming a key force driving global trade growth and leading the world economic recovery. This paper selects the data of digital trade of major countries worldwide from 2014 to 2023, and uses complex network analysis methods to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the global digital trade network. It also uses QAP technical methods to analyze the influencing factors of the evolution of the trade network. The research finds that: the scale of the global digital trade network continues to expand, and the network connections are constantly strengthening; the trade networks of sub-sectors show significant heterogeneity in stable development; there is an unbalanced situation and polarization phenomenon in the evolution of the global digital trade network, and it presents obvious core-periphery structure characteristics; the evolution of global digital trade communities has shifted from "geographical proximity dominance" to "institutional rule dominance"; the global digital trade network maintains a high level of stability under the joint action of time series similarity and node strength heterogeneity; the economic scale differences, economic integration levels, cultural distances, digital infrastructure differences, and geographical proximity of various countries are all important influencing factors in the evolution of the global digital trade network.