本文利用CFPS2010年—2018年家庭追踪调查数据,基于“负收入增长概率”构造检验统计量来检验我国农村地区是否存在资产型贫困陷阱。结果表明：我国农村家庭不存在资产型贫困陷阱,主要原因是农村家庭资本产出弹性的持续性增长以及不同富裕程度家庭的技术水平无显著差异。当存在资产型贫困陷阱时,以“扶贫羊”为代表的无偿援助确实是一种高效的扶贫方式,但在生产要素边际报酬递减规律的作用下,物质资产的投入只能产生短期效应。因此疫情当下,为抑制返贫应优先考虑增加农村家庭的生产性资产和自用性资产,找到内生性致贫原因,为实现持续性脱贫和乡村振兴打下坚实基础。
This paper uses CFPS 2010-2018 household tracking survey data to construct statistics based on the "probability of negative income growth" to verify whether there is an asset-based poverty trap in rural China. The test results show that there is no poverty trap in rural China, and the elasticity of rural household capital output continues growth and the insignificant difference in the technical level of families with different levels of wealth are the reasons why the poverty trap does not exist. When there is an asset-based poverty trap, the gratuitous aid represented by "poverty alleviation sheep" is indeed an efficient way of poverty alleviation. However, when this strategy is applied to the actual situation in rural China, under the influence of the law of diminishing marginal returns of production factors, the input of material assets will become relatively unimportant and can only show short-term effects. At the moment of the epidemic, from the perspective of curbing the return to poverty in the short term, priority should be given to increasing the production assets and self-use assets of rural households. Sustained poverty alleviation and rural revitalization also need to find endogenous causes of poverty.
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