中药材凝聚了中国传统医学的智慧，依托“一带一路”倡议积极拓展中药材进出口贸易对弘扬中华文化、构建人类卫生健康共同体具有重要意义。文章选取2011—2020 年中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材贸易数据，分析中国与共建“一带一路”国家中药材贸易网络关系的演化，以及中国在网络中的地位与作用。研究发现：中国在“一带一路”中药材贸易网络中处于中心地位，中药材进出口贸易总额呈波动上升态势；共建“一带一路”国家间中药材贸易联系逐步密切；GDP规模、边境距离、语言等会对两国贸易关系产生影响。今后应继续拓展中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材进出口贸易，建设中药材专属国际物流通道和中药材人才培养体系，弘扬中医文化，不断加强中国与共建“一带一路”国家的交流与合作。

It is of great significance to explore the evolution of the trade network of Chinese herbal medicines between China and the countries along the Belt and Road for the construction of the human health community. By selecting trading data of Chinese medicinal materials between China and the countries along the Belt and Road from 2011 to 2020, the paper clarifies the evolution of trade network relationships of Chinese medicinal materials between China and the countries along the Belt and Road and the status and role of China in this trade network. The results show that China is in the central position in the Belt and Road Chinese medicinal materials trade network, and the total import and export trade of Chinese medicinal materials shows a fluctuating trend; the trade links of Chinese medicinal materials among countries jointly building the Belt and Road have gradually increased; GDP scale, border distance, language and other factors will have an impact on the trade relationship between the two countries. In the future, it is of necessity to continue to expand the import and export trade of Chinese medicinal materials with countries jointly building the Belt and Road, build an exclusive international logistics channel and personnel training system for Chinese medicinal materials, promote the culture of Chinese medicine, and strengthen exchanges and cooperation with countries jointly building the Belt and Road.