Abstract: Based on the provincial panel data from 1994 to 2017, using difference in PSM-DID method, this paper analyzes the economic growth effects in western China under "the Belt and Road"initiative.The empirical analysis has found that "the Belt and Road" Initiative promotes the growth of GDP in western China significantly. Furthermore, by analyzing the transmission mechanism, this paper shows that the promotion of industrialization level and the optimization of industrial structure are the main driving forces to promote the GDP of the western regions along the Belt and Road. Therefore, it is of great necessity for western China to take the new industrialization road, accelerate the development of the tertiary industry and attract foreign cap-ital to promote the economic growth in different cities and provinces.

Key words: "The Belt and Road Initiative", Western Cities along the Belt and Road, Industrialization, Industry Structure, Economic Growth in the Western Region, Coordinated Development of Regional Economies, PSM-DID Method