Abstract:

Marxist political economy holds that technological change can promote employment from multiple dimensions, such as increasing the total employment volume, improving labor skills, and transforming the relations of production. Amid the new wave of scientific and technological revolution, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a crucial engine driving high-quality and full employment in China. Following the development path of "technology - industry - occupation - standard", AI integrates the technical support system, intelligent industrial clusters, career development carriers, and risk prevention mechanisms into an organic whole. It systematically empowers China's employment service system and lays a solid foundation for meeting the people's needs for a better life. However, this process still faces many challenges. These include the employment displacement effect of AI, the deepening of algorithmic control caused by "digital Taylorism", the risk of collusion between capital and technology due to ambiguous data ownership, and structural employment contradictions resulting from the lag in education transformation.To address these issues, we must adhere to the "two unswervinglys" (to unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, and to unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector of the economy), standardize and guide the healthy development of capital, continue to strengthen the AI industry, protect the ownership of digital production factors, tap into the stock of human capital and improve its quality, build a high-quality employment service system, and promote the sustained release of AI-driven employment dividends.

Key words: artificial intelligence, high-quality and full employment, theoretical logic, practical orientation

摘要：

马克思主义政治经济学认为，技术变革能从增加就业总量、提高劳动技能与改造生产关系等多维度促进就业。在新一轮科技革命浪潮下，人工智能已成为推动我国高质量充分就业的重要引擎。其按照“技术-产业-职业-标准”的发展路径，将技术支撑体系、智能产业集群、职业发展载体和风险防范机制耦合为一个有机整体，系统性地赋能我国就业服务体系，从而为满足人民美好生活需要奠定坚实基础。但这一过程还面临着诸多挑战，如人工智能的就业替代效应、“数字泰勒主义”引致的算法控制深化、数据权属模糊带来的资本与技术合谋风险、教育转型滞后导致的结构性就业矛盾等。为此，必须坚持“两个毫不动摇”，规范和引导资本健康发展，持续壮大人工智能产业，保护数字生产要素权属，挖掘人力资本存量并提升人力资本质量，构建高质量就业服务体系，促进人工智能就业红利持续释放。

关键词: 人工智能, 高质量充分就业, 理论逻辑, 实践导向