新疆财经 ›› 2021,Issue (3): 36-48.doi: 10.16716/j.cnki.65-1030/f.2021.03.004

• 管理纵横 • 上一篇    下一篇

企业实际社保缴费率对公司绩效的影响——来自沪深上市公司的经验证据

马海涛1, 田影2   

  1. 1.中央财经大学,北京 100081;
    2.中央财经大学 中国财政发展协同创新中心,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-01 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-06-30
  • 作者简介:马海涛(1966—),男,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为财税理论与政策;田影(1987—),女,博士研究生,研究方向为政府预算与绩效评价。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目“实质性减税降费与经济高质量发展”(19ZDA070)

The Effect of Actual Social Security Payment Rate on Corporate Performance —Empirical Evidence from Listed Companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges

Ma Haitao, Tian Ying   

  1. Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2021-03-01 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-06-30

摘要: 本文整理了中国A股1154家上市公司2007年—2018年共13848个样本观察数据,探究社保缴费率对公司短期绩效和长期绩效的影响及其传导机制。研究结果显示,企业实际社保缴费率与公司短期绩效呈显著的负相关关系,与公司长期绩效呈显著的正相关关系。进一步的分析表明,企业实际社保缴费率通过员工激励效应、要素替代效应和劳动力成本效应这3条作用渠道对公司绩效产生影响。其中,员工激励效应在非国有企业和高人力资本企业中作用更显著,要素替代效应在劳动密集型企业和融资约束程度较高的企业中作用更显著,劳动力成本效应在制造业企业和中小型企业中作用更显著。此外,本文还发现企业生命周期与公司绩效呈负相关关系,生命周期越长,公司绩效越差。

关键词: 社会保险政策, 养老保险, 实际社保缴费率, 公司绩效, 面板固定效应

Abstract: Based on the data of 13848 samples of 1154 A-share listed companies in China from 2007 to 2018, this paper explores the influence of social security contribution rate on short-term and long-term performance of companies and its transmission mechanism from theoretical analysis and empirical research.The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between the actual social security payment rate and the short-term performance of the company, and a significant positive correlation between the actual social security payment rate and the long-term performance of the company. Further analysis shows that the actual contribution rate of social security has three channels:employee incentive effect, factor substitution effect and labor cost effect, among which employee incentive effect is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises and high human capital enterprises;factor substitution effect is more significant in labor-intensive enterprises and enterprises with higher degree of financing constraints;The labor cost effect channel is more significant in manufacturing enterprises and small and mediumsized enterprises.In addition, this paper also finds that there is a negative correlation between corporate life cycle and corporate performance. The longer the corporate life cycle is, the worse the corporate performance is.This study reveals the positive effect of social security payment on corporate performance, and calls on enterprises to actively fulfill social security payment and comply with it for a long time.

Key words: Social Insurance Policy, Endowment Insurance, Actual Social Security Payment Rate, Corporate Performance, Panel Fixed Effect

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