新疆财经

新疆财经 ›› 2021,Issue (3): 25-35.doi: 10.16716/j.cnki.65-1030/f.2021.03.003

• 经济经纬 • 上一篇    下一篇

就业抑或创业：乡村振兴视角下 农业经营主体比较研究

柴国俊1, 董葆茗2, 杨在军2   

  1. 1.河北经贸大学 商学院,河北 石家庄 050061;
    2.河北经贸大学 工商管理学院,河北 石家庄 050061
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-21 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-06-30
  • 作者简介:柴国俊（1984—）,男,副教授,经济学博士,研究方向为城市经济学、劳动经济学;董葆茗（1973—）,男,教授,经济学博士,研究方向为区域经济学;杨在军（1974—）,男,教授,经济学博士,研究方向为企业经济学。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省社会科学发展研究项目“雄安原住民就业创业培训调查分析及对策”（201908120201）; 河北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“河北民营企业的发展、走向及对策”（ZD201906）; 河北省引进留学人员资助项目“经济新常态背景下的被拆迁家庭创业问题研究”（CS201706）

Employment or Entrepreneurship：A Comparison Study of the Agricultural Business Subjects from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization

Chai Guojun, Dong Baoming, Yang Zaijun   

  1. Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China
  • Received:2020-09-21 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-06-30

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摘要： 乡村振兴战略倡导城乡融合发展,该理念为破解农村创业就业困境提供了新思路。本文基于2016年第三次全国农业普查河北省数据,比较研究乡村振兴视角下农村家庭就业与创业的特征和规律,借以探索缓解农村创业和就业困难的途径,并考察农业经营主体的优劣。结果发现,农村创业和就业发展不平衡不充分,而劳动力和资本等要素在城乡间的双向流动可缓解农村创业和就业困境;相比农村就业家庭,创业家庭在人力资本等方面的投入较多,经济产出也较多;创业家庭较多的产出通常得益于较好的经济环境或政策环境。因此,在农业经营主体抉择和乡村振兴战略实施进程中,市场与政府亟待合力支持农村创业发展。

关键词: 乡村振兴战略, 城乡融合发展, 就业, 创业, 要素流动, “三农”问题, 新型城镇化道路

Abstract: The rural revitalization strategy calls for integrated urban and rural development, which provides a novel way to solve the dilemma of employment and entrepreneurship in the rural area. Based on the data from China Agriculture Census in Hebei Province in 2016, this paper investigates the characteristics and laws between employment and entrepreneurship of rural households in Hebei Province from the perspective of rural revitalization, in order to explore the ways to alleviate the situation of employment and entrepreneurship in the rural area, and to investigate the advantage and disadvantage of agricultural business subjects. It turns out that the development of employment and entrepreneurship is uneven and insufficient, and the fact that two-way flows of factors such as labor and capital exist primitively between the rural and urban can ease the dilemma of employment and entrepreneurship in the rural. Compared to the rural employment households, types of entrepreneurship accumulate human capital more and thus earn more economic benefits. In addition, the households of entrepreneurship with more outputs usually benefit from better economic foundation or policy environment. Based on the above conclusion, this paper advocates market together with government to support the entrepreneurship during the process of the choice of agricultural business subjects and implementation of rural revitalization in the huge rural areas.

Key words: the Rural Revitalization Strategy, Integrated Urban-rural Development, Employment, Entrepreneurship, Factor Flow, Issues Concerning Agriculture,Rural Areas and Farmers, a New Path to Urbanization

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