Abstract: The“Silk Road Economic Belt” covers wide areas.The countries along these areas are obviously different in many aspects such as economy, financial development, and so on. In order to offer data on finance cooperation, trading cooperation and infrastructure interconnection to countries along the “Silk Road Economic Belt” and China as well,this paper usesdata from 46 countries along the “Silk Road Economic Belt” except China and.Analyses the basic situation of financial development of these countries, and then estimates synthetically the potential capacity of financial development of these countries by the technology of principal component. Analysis that the Eastern European countries financial development index is higher, followed by West Asia, Central Asia and South Asia countries financial development index is low. Finally, through the analysis of the differences and causes of the financial development index, it gives the cooperation strategy and policy recommendations.

Key words: Silk Road Economic Belt, the Index of Financial Development, Principal Component Analysis