Abstract: Under the background of continuous trade friction between China and the United States, the pattern of China's agr-products foreign trade will face great changes and reshaping, and consequently it is inevitable to develop a new alternative market for agricultural trade. Central Asia area not only borders with China, but also is pioneered by Belt and Road Initiative and has a special strategic position. With the continuous expansion of agricultural trade scale between China and the five Central Asian countries, the trade structure has also undergone significant changes. According to the HS code of UN COMTRADE of United Nations, this paper discussed the agricultural trade structural evolution of Sino-Central Asia in term of three dimensions: export structure, import structure and country structure. Moreover,we measured the competitiveness of agricultural products in 27 subdivision industries by using TC index, and expounds the evolution of their competitiveness. Accordingly this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the trade structure and improving the competitiveness of subdivision industries.

Key words: Sino-Central Asia, Bilateral Trade, Agr-products, the Trade Structure, Subdivision Agr-products, Trade Competitiveness Index, Sino-Us Trade Friction, "the Belt and Road Initiatives", Silk Road Economy