Abstract: Kazakhstan is the most important trade partner to China.This paper mainly analyzes the foreign trade structure and competitiveness of Kazakhstan and finds that Kazakhstan export commodity are mainly primary products, its import commodity are mainly manufactured goods, and the most competitive export commodity among primary products are fossil fuels, lubricating oil and relevant raw materials. Integrating the analysis of import and export commodity structure, it puts forward the countermeasures to optimize the trade structure of the two countries, that is, China should expand its import of energy and minerals from Kazakhstan, increase its export of manufactured goods to Kazakhstan, and employ trade-and-investment driven model to enlarge the export scale of manufactured goods of two countries.

Key words: Kazakhstan, Trade Competitiveness, Trade Commodity Structure

摘要： 哈萨克斯坦是我国中亚地区最重要的贸易伙伴。本文对哈萨克斯坦对外贸易结构和外贸竞争力进行分析后认为,哈萨克斯坦出口产品以初级产品为主,进口产品以制成品为主,其初级产品中最具有出口竞争力的产品为矿物燃料、润滑油及有关原料等。为此,本文提出优化中哈两国贸易商品结构的对策,即中国应扩大从哈国进口能源、矿产品,增加对哈国出口制成品和通过贸易投资双驱动的模式来扩大两国制造业产品的出口规模。

关键词: 哈萨克斯坦, 贸易竞争力, 贸易商品结构